A 3D existing railway alignment recreation method based on particle swarm optimization and Mesh Adaptive direct search

Yang Ran, Wei Li 0129, Xinjie Wan, Hao Pu, Paul M. Schonfeld, Cheng Lu, Zhenya Zhang, Lihui Peng. A 3D existing railway alignment recreation method based on particle swarm optimization and Mesh Adaptive direct search. Expert Syst. Appl., 299:130199, 2026. [doi]

Abstract

Abstract is missing.