| 26548 | -- | 26551 | Zhongxiang Wei, Sumei Sun, Christos Masouros, Jingjing Wang 0001, Rose Qingyang Hu, Fumiyuki Adachi. Guest Editorial Special Issue on Current Research Trends and Open Challenges for Industrial Internet of Things |
| 26552 | -- | 26567 | Kang Li, Pengcheng Zhu 0001, Yan Wang, Jiangzhou Wang, Xiaohu You 0001. Scheduling of Time-Triggered Traffic for Deterministic URLLC in Industrial Automation |
| 26568 | -- | 26579 | Zhouxiang Zhao, Zhaohui Yang 0001, Chongwen Huang, Li Wei 0007, Qianqian Yang 0002, Caijun Zhong, Wei Xu 0001, Zhaoyang Zhang 0001. A Joint Communication and Computation Design for Distributed RIS-Assisted Probabilistic Semantic Communication in IIoT |
| 26580 | -- | 26594 | Xiangming Zhu 0001, Chunxiao Jiang, Zhaohui Yang 0001, Hua Wang. Delay-Optimized Edge Caching in Integrated Satellite-Terrestrial Networks With Diverse Content Popularity Distribution and User Access Modes |
| 26595 | -- | 26609 | Qian Xu 0007, Qian You, Yanyun Gong, Xin Yang 0004, Ling Wang. RIS-Assisted UAV-Enabled Green Communications for Industrial IoT Exploiting Deep Learning |
| 26610 | -- | 26622 | Yingjie Cao, Yang Luo, Haifen Yang, Chunbo Luo. UAV-Based Emergency Communications: An Iterative Two-Stage Multiagent Soft Actor-Critic Approach for Optimal Association and Dynamic Deployment |
| 26623 | -- | 26644 | Hui Yan, Weidong Bao 0001, Xiaoqing Li, Xiaomin Zhu 0001, Yaohong Zhang, Ji Wang 0002, Ling Liu 0001. Fault-Tolerant Scheduling of Heterogeneous UAVs for Data Collection of IoT Applications |
| 26645 | -- | 26655 | Tianle Liu, Haiquan Wang, Jun Tong, Peng Pan 0003, Anzhong Hu, Tengjiao He. Novel AMUB Sequences for Massive Connection IIoT Systems |
| 26656 | -- | 26667 | Junhuai Li, Kan Wang, Xiangwang Hou, Dapeng Lan, Yunwen Wu, Huaijun Wang, Lei Liu 0031, Shahid Mumtaz. A Dual-Scale Transformer-Based Remaining Useful Life Prediction Model in Industrial Internet of Things |
| 26668 | -- | 26679 | Ning Jia, Xianhui Liu, Yougang Sun, Zhuang Liu. Enhancing IIoT Vision Data Transmission and Processing via Spatial-Difference-Attention-Guided Saliency Detection |
| 26680 | -- | 26689 | Hassan A. Alsattar, Nahia Mourad, A. A. Zaidan 0001, Muhammet Deveci, Sarah Qahtan, Vaidyanathan Jayaraman, Zainab Khalid Mohammed. Developing IoT Sustainable Real-Time Monitoring Devices for Food Supply Chain Systems Based on Climate Change Using Circular Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set |
| 26690 | -- | 26699 | Changdi Li, Guangye Li, Yichen Song, Qunshan He, Zijian Tian, Hu Xu, Xinggao Liu. Fast Forest Fire Detection and Segmentation Application for UAV-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing System |
| 26700 | -- | 26712 | Jing Gao 0007, Meng Liu, Peng Li 0027, Asif Ali Laghari, Abdul Rehman Javed, Nancy Victor, Thippa Reddy Gadekallu. Deep Incomplete Multiview Clustering via Information Bottleneck for Pattern Mining of Data in Extreme-Environment IoT |
| 26713 | -- | 26726 | Yangzhe Liao, Yuanyan Song, Shuang Xia, Yi Han, Ning Xu 0006, Xiaojun Zhai, Zhenhui Yuan. Low-Latency Data Computation of Inland Waterway USVs for RIS-Assisted UAV MEC Network |
| 26727 | -- | 26740 | Bing Lin, Xuzhan Chen, Xing Chen 0002, Yun Ma 0002, Neal N. Xiong. SGCS: An Intelligent Stackelberg-Game-Based Computation Offloading and Resource Pricing Scheme in Blockchain-Enabled MEC for IIoT |
| 26741 | -- | 26750 | Hanzhi Yan, Hanwen Li, Xiaolong Xu 0001, Muhammad Bilal 0003. UAV-Enhanced Service Caching for IoT Systems in Extreme Environments |
| 26751 | -- | 26765 | Cheng Ren, Cailian Chen, Peizhe Li, Xiaojing Wen, Yehan Ma, Xinping Guan. Digital-Twin-Enabled Task Scheduling for State Monitoring in Aircraft Testing Process |
| 26766 | -- | 26777 | Guodong Zhao, Ye Wang, Tong Mu, Zhijun Meng, Zichen Wang. Reinforcement-Learning-Assisted Multi-UAV Task Allocation and Path Planning for IIoT |
| 26778 | -- | 26792 | Shulei Zeng, Bin Cao 0002, Yao Sun 0002, Chen Sun 0006, Zhiguo Wan, Mugen Peng. Blockchain-Assisted Cross-Domain Data Sharing in Industrial IoT |
| 26793 | -- | 26805 | Dingde Jiang, Zhihao Wang 0001, Ye Wang, Li-Zhuang Tan, Jian Wang 0010, Peiying Zhang. A Blockchain-Reinforced Federated Intrusion Detection Architecture for IIoT |
| 26806 | -- | 26818 | Chuanhua Wang, Yang Zhang, Quan Zhang, Xin Xu, Wei Chen, Heji Li. SE-CAS: Secure and Efficient Cross-Domain Authentication Scheme Based on Blockchain for Space TT&C Networks |
| 26819 | -- | 26825 | Hui Chen 0003, Yuan-Yi Wei, Hongyang Chen, Wen-Qin Wang. Adaptive Detection for Multiantenna Ambient Backscatter Communications System With MFSK Modulation |
| 26826 | -- | 26836 | Bardia Esmaeili, Amin Azmoodeh, Ali Dehghantanha, Gautam Srivastava 0001, Hadis Karimipour, Jerry Chun-Wei Lin. A GNN-Based Adversarial Internet of Things Malware Detection Framework for Critical Infrastructure: Studying Gafgyt, Mirai, and Tsunami Campaigns |
| 26837 | -- | 26851 | Yunchun Zhang, Zikun Liao, Ning Zhang, Shaohui Min, Qi Wang, Tony Q. S. Quek, Mingxiong Zhao. Deep Hashing for Malware Family Classification and New Malware Identification |
| 26852 | -- | 26865 | Deshuai Yin, Bei Gong. A Lightweight Certificateless Mutual Authentication Scheme Based on Signatures for IIoT |
| 26866 | -- | 26876 | Danish Javeed, Tianhan Gao, Muhammad Shahid Saeed, Prabhat Kumar 0003. An Intrusion Detection System for Edge-Envisioned Smart Agriculture in Extreme Environment |
| 26877 | -- | 26887 | Zheng Wan, Kaizhi Huang, Xiaoming Xu, Ming Yi, Hui-Ming Wang 0001, Zhengyu Zhu, Liang Jin. RIS-Assisted Integration of Communications and Security: Protocol, Prototyping, and Field Trials |
| 26888 | -- | 26900 | Kai Zhang 0034, Changming Zhang, Hua Wang, Zhaohui Yang, Xianbin Yu, Yongjun Li 0002. Nonstationary Channel Modeling for Wireless Communications Underlaying UAV-Based Relay-Assisted IIoT Networks in the Subterahertz Band |
| 26901 | -- | 26915 | Tongyang Xu, Shuangyang Li, Jinhong Yuan. OFDM-Standard Compatible SC-NOFS Waveforms for Low-Latency and Jitter-Tolerance Industrial IoT Communications |
| 26916 | -- | 26928 | Yuchao Wang, Shi-he, Yongxue Qiu, Rui-yuan Wu, Lei Wang 0137, Ping Lu 0016, Chaoyun Song, Qiang Cheng, Cheng Zhang. Highly Efficient Broadband Ambient Energy Harvesting System Enhanced by Meta-Lens for Wirelessly Powering Batteryless IoT Devices |
| 26929 | -- | 26943 | Lianjie Zhou, Wei Tu, Qingquan Li, Dongjie Guan. A Heterogeneous Streaming Vehicle Data Access Model for Diverse IoT Sensor Monitoring Network Management |
| 26944 | -- | 26954 | Yufeng Yao, Jinyong Chang, Anling Zhang. Efficient Data Sharing Scheme With Fine-Grained Access Control and Integrity Auditing in Terminal-Edge-Cloud Network |
| 26955 | -- | 26969 | Zhenyu Jiang, Jiliang Li, Qinnan Hu, Weizhi Meng 0001, Witold Pedrycz, Zhou Su. Scalable Graph-Aware Edge Representation Learning for Wireless IoT Intrusion Detection |
| 26970 | -- | 26983 | Chengzhi Wang, Peng Yang 0004, Jiawei Hou, Zhi Liu 0002, Ning Zhang. Dependence-Aware Multitask Scheduling for Edge Video Analytics With Accuracy Guarantee |
| 26984 | -- | 26999 | Chathuranga M. Wijerathna Basnayaka, Dushantha Nalin K. Jayakody, Tharindu D. Ponnimbaduge Perera, Marko Beko. DataAge: Age of Information in SWIPT-Driven Short Packet IoT Wireless Communications |
| 27000 | -- | 27014 | Liangshun Wu, Junsuo Qu, Shilin Li, Cong Zhang, Jianbo Du, Xiang Sun 0001, Jiehan Zhou. Attention-Augmented MADDPG in NOMA-Based Vehicular Mobile Edge Computational Offloading |
| 27015 | -- | 27029 | Ruoguang Li, Li Wang 0039, Kai Chen, Lianming Xu, Aiguo Fei. Full-Duplex NOMA-Enabled Integrated Sensing and Communication: Joint Transmit and Receive Beamforming Optimization |
| 27030 | -- | 27042 | Ali Reza Heidarpour, Mohammad Reza Heidarpour, Masoud Ardakani, Chintha Tellambura, Murat Uysal. DeepWFFS: Enhancing Fog Computing Efficiency Through Multiqueue Architecture and Intelligent Controller for Task Prioritization |
| 27043 | -- | 27057 | Christian Nii Aflah Cobblah, Qi Xia, Jianbin Gao, Hu Xia, Goodlet Akwasi Kusi, Isaac Amankona Obiri. A Secure and Lightweight NDN-Based Vehicular Network Using Edge Computing and Certificateless Signcryption |
| 27058 | -- | 27072 | Yunqing Bian, Xin Wang, Jian Jin, Zhenzhen Jiao, Sisi Duan. Flexible and Scalable Decentralized Identity Management for Industrial Internet of Things |
| 27073 | -- | 27084 | Yuechao Wang, Jun Xu, Lei Xiang, Kai Chen, Wei Hong 0002. Low-Cost Wideband Millimeter-Wave Filtenna and Its Arrays for Miniaturized IoT Devices |
| 27085 | -- | 27098 | Li Huang, Fuqiang Liu, Lin Lin 0002. Molecular Communication Systems in Cylindrical Channels With Non-Newtonian Fluid Flows in IoBNT |
| 27099 | -- | 27111 | Yansong Wang, Hui Xu, Waqar Ali, Xiangmin Zhou, Jie Shao 0001. Bilateral Improvement in Local Personalization and Global Generalization in Federated Learning |
| 27112 | -- | 27125 | Jiao Zhang, Xiong Li 0002, Wei Liang 0005, Pandi Vijayakumar, Fayez Alqahtani 0001, Amr Tolba. Two-Phase Sparsification With Secure Aggregation for Privacy-Aware Federated Learning |
| 27126 | -- | 27138 | Xing Liu 0002, Wenxing Xu, Qing Wang, Mengya Zhang. Energy-Efficient Computing Acceleration of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Based on a CPU/FPGA/NPU Heterogeneous System |
| 27139 | -- | 27152 | Xin Yang, Zeju Xu, Haodong Liu, Peter B. Shull, Stephen J. Redmond, Guanzheng Liu, Changhong Wang. A Multiscale Cross-Modal Interactive Fusion Network for Human Activity Recognition Using Wearable Sensors and Smartphones |
| 27153 | -- | 27166 | Guangyu Zhu, Yiqin Deng, Xianhao Chen, Haixia Zhang 0001, Yuguang Fang, Tan F. Wong. ESFL: Efficient Split Federated Learning Over Resource-Constrained Heterogeneous Wireless Devices |
| 27167 | -- | 27183 | Vendi Ardianto Nugroho, Byung Moo Lee. A Survey of Federated Learning for mmWave Massive MIMO |
| 27184 | -- | 27200 | Jianqiang Lu, Zhiyun Wu, Yubin Lan, Xiaoling Deng, Jiewei Huang. Study on the Prediction Model of Litchi Downy Blight Damage Based on IoT and Hyperspectral Data Fusion |
| 27201 | -- | 27213 | Bo-Wei Chen, Tzu-Hsuan Wang. Robust Perceptual Data Sensing Based on Majorization-Minimized Low-Rank Semidefinite Relaxation for Visual IoT |
| 27214 | -- | 27231 | Jie Zhao 0015, Hejiao Huang, Daojing He, Xiaojun Zhang, Yuan Zhang 0006, Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo. IB-IADR: Enabling Identity-Based Integrity Auditing and Data Recovery With Fault Localization for Multicloud Storage |
| 27232 | -- | 27244 | Chen Ji, Jisheng Dai, Haijun Fu, Weichao Xu. Joint Device Activity Detection and Channel Estimation for mMTC |
| 27245 | -- | 27259 | Ziwei Liu, Wen Chen 0001, Qingqing Wu 0001, Jinhong Yuan, Shanshan Zhang, Zhendong Li, Jun Li. Rate-Splitting Multiple Access for Transmissive Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Transceiver Empowered ISAC Systems |
| 27260 | -- | 27274 | Chengyong Liu, Kun Zhu 0001, Chaoquan Tao, Bing Chen 0002, Yanchao Zhao. UAV-Assisted Active Sparse Crowdsensing for Ground Signal Map Construction Based on 3-D Spatial-Temporal Correlation |
| 27275 | -- | 27294 | Muhammad Imran 0024, Muhammad Nadeem Ali, Muhammad Salah Ud Din, Muhammad Atif Ur Rehman, Byung-Seo Kim. An Efficient Communication and Computation Resources Sharing in Information-Centric 6G Networks |
| 27295 | -- | 27302 | Muhammad Tariq, Sohail Ahmad, H. Vincent Poor. Dynamic Resource Allocation in IoT Enhanced by Digital Twins and Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces |
| 27303 | -- | 27321 | Ravin Gunawardena, Sandani Jayawardena, Suranga Seneviratne, Rahat Masood, Salil S. Kanhere. Single-Sensor Sparse Adversarial Perturbation Attacks Against Behavioral Biometrics |
| 27322 | -- | 27339 | Qi Liu 0034, Xingyu Li, Ke Sun 0014, Yufeng Li 0002, Yanchen Liu. SISSA: Real-Time Monitoring of Hardware Functional Safety and Cybersecurity With In-Vehicle SOME/IP Ethernet Traffic |
| 27340 | -- | 27355 | Wei Jiang, Hao Jiang 0010, Yulai Xie, Jing Wu 0016, Xiaofan He, Hao Li, Pan Zhou 0001. SatShield: In-Network Mitigation of Link Flooding Attacks for LEO Constellation Networks |
| 27356 | -- | 27368 | Seunghwan Son, Deok Kyu Kwon, Sangwoo Lee, Yongsung Jeon, Youngho Park 0005. A Robust Covert Channel With Self-Bit Recovery for IEEE 802.11 Networks |
| 27369 | -- | 27386 | Rong Yang, Ping Fan, Mou Wu, Hongsheng Chen. IHS: An Intelligent Hybrid System for Conflict Resolution of IoT Services |
| 27387 | -- | 27397 | Hyun-Ho Choi, Kyu-Min Kang, Howon Lee. NOMA-Based ALOHA Protocol for Air-to-Ground Communications With Maximum Transmit Power Limits |
| 27398 | -- | 27408 | Hao Wang 0047, Guangjie Han, Dong Tang, Weipeng Xiong. Multi-AUV Collaboration-Assisted Location Privacy Protection Scheme in Unknown Marine Environments |
| 27409 | -- | 27420 | Chao Huang, Justin Dachille, Xin Liu 0002. When Federated Learning Meets Oligopoly Competition: Stability and Model Differentiation |
| 27421 | -- | 27434 | Zikai Feng, Di Wu 0058, Mengxing Huang, Chau Yuen. Graph-Attention-Based Reinforcement Learning for Trajectory Design and Resource Assignment in Multi-UAV-Assisted Communication |
| 27435 | -- | 27447 | Leyou Zhang, Shuwei Xie, Qing Wu 0005, Fatemeh Rezaeibagha. Enhanced Secure Attribute-Based Dynamic Data Sharing Scheme With Efficient Access Policy Hiding and Policy Updating for IoMT |
| 27448 | -- | 27462 | Zheqi Zhu, Yuchen Shi, Pingyi Fan, Chenghui Peng, Khaled B. Letaief. ISFL: Federated Learning for Non-i.i.d. Data With Local Importance Sampling |
| 27463 | -- | 27479 | Ivan Eroshkin, Lukas Vojtech, Marek Neruda. Fractal-Based N-Environment Multiagent IoT System Reliability |
| 27480 | -- | 27493 | Shanghui Li, Jiliang Zhang 0003, Jiang Li, Yiyuan Xie, Gaofeng Pan. Physical-Layer Security for Multiantenna Satellite-UWOC Systems in the Presence of Spatially Random Locations |
| 27494 | -- | 27508 | Shuqin Liu, Yinbin Miao, Feng Li 0041, Xinghua Li 0001, Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo, Robert H. Deng. Practical Revocable Keyword Search Over Mobile Cloud-Assisted Internet of Things |
| 27509 | -- | 27517 | Zhe Li, Zhihong Deng, Zhidong Meng, Ping Zhang. Coriolis-Based Heading Estimation for Pedestrian Inertial Localization Based on MEMS MIMU |
| 27518 | -- | 27531 | Yutang Dong, Wei Kang, Songsong Qian, Boyu Sima, Chenwei Zhou, Wen Wu 0005. A Tri-Functional Multiplexed Linear Array With Simultaneous Transmitting, Receiving, and Backscattering Control for IoT Applications |
| 27532 | -- | 27544 | Wenhua Huang, Yan Chen, Dong Jing, Jingyu Feng, Gang Han, Wenbo Zhang. A Multicloud Collaborative Data Security Sharing Scheme With Blockchain Indexing in Industrial Internet Environments |
| 27545 | -- | 27556 | Duanpo Wu, Jun Wei, Pierre-Paul Vidal, Danping Wang, Yixuan Yuan, Jiuwen Cao, Tiejia Jiang. A Novel Seizure Detection Method Based on the Feature Fusion of Multimodal Physiological Signals |
| 27557 | -- | 27570 | Anxiao Song, Haoshuo Li, Ke Cheng, Tao Zhang 0029, Aijing Sun, Yulong Shen. Guard-FL: An UMAP-Assisted Robust Aggregation for Federated Learning |
| 27571 | -- | 27583 | Jonghyeon Won, Do-Yup Kim, Jang-Won Lee 0001. Joint Optimization of Location, Beam, and Radio Resource for an Aerial Base Station With Controllable Directional Antennas |
| 27584 | -- | 27596 | Achintha Wijesinghe, Songyang Zhang, Zhi Ding 0001. PS-FedGAN: An Efficient Federated Learning Framework With Strong Data Privacy |
| 27597 | -- | 27619 | Geonwoo Ji, Jiyoung Woo, Geon Lee, Constantino Msigwa, Denis Bernard, Jaeseok Yun. AIoT-Based Smart Healthcare in Everyday Lives: Data Collection and Standardization From Smartphones and Smartwatches |
| 27620 | -- | 27634 | Tamir Mishali, Paolo Casari, Roee Diamant. Interception of Bio-Mimicking Underwater Acoustic Communications Signals |
| 27635 | -- | 27650 | Yantao Li 0001, Caike Ouyang, Hongyu Huang. AEGANAuth: Autoencoder GAN-Based Continuous Authentication With Conditional Variational Autoencoder Generative Adversarial Network |
| 27651 | -- | 27663 | Yuan Wang, Jiaqi Wei, Nuo Huang, Xu Li 0001, Chen Gong 0001. Band-Limited Nyquist Pulse Design for Visible Light Communication Systems With Signal-Dependent Noise |
| 27664 | -- | 27675 | Yufan Yuan, Xiaoxiao Zhuo, Yan Wei, Fengzhong Qu. Multiobjective Routing Optimization to Support IoUT Applications in UWSNs |
| 27676 | -- | 27686 | Sehee Lim, Junghyeon Hwang, Dong Han Ko, Se Keon Kim, Tae-Woo Oh, Sanghun Jeon, Seong-Ook Jung. Design of Physically Unclonable Function Using Ferroelectric FET With Auto Write-Back Technique for Resource-Limited IoT Security |
| 27687 | -- | 27699 | Pengyu Cui, Yunting Tao, Bin Zhen, Fanyu Kong, Chunpeng Ge, Chuan Ma, Jia Yu 0005. Accelerating Graph Embedding Through Secure Distributed Outsourcing Computation in Internet of Things |
| 27700 | -- | 27714 | Tao Wu 0003, Junhui Luo, Shaojie Qiao, Chao Wang 0025, Lin Yuan, Xiao Pu 0002, Xingping Xian. Multiview-Ensemble-Learning-Based Robust Graph Convolutional Networks Against Adversarial Attacks |
| 27715 | -- | 27731 | Axel Gedeon Mengara Mengara, Younghwan Yoo, Victor C. M. Leung. IoTSecUT: Uncertainty-Based Hybrid Deep Learning Approach for Superior IoT Security Amidst Evolving Cyber Threats |
| 27732 | -- | 27743 | Wang Xu, Feilong Lin, Riheng Jia, Changbing Tang, Zhonglong Zheng, Minglu Li 0001. Game-Based Pricing for Joint Carbon and Electricity Trading in Microgrids |
| 27744 | -- | 27759 | Hui-Tang Lin, Wei-Li Jhuang. Blockchain-Based Lightweight Certificateless Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol for V2V Communications in IoV |
| 27760 | -- | 27774 | Zheng Zhang 0037, Yuanwei Liu, Zhaolin Wang, Xidong Mu, Jian Chen 0002. Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer in Near-Field Communications |
| 27775 | -- | 27789 | Jiguang Yang, Jiuyuan Huo, Cong Mu. A Novel Clustering Routing Algorithm for Bridge Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Spatial Model and Multicriteria Decision Making |
| 27790 | -- | 27802 | Jiaqi Shuai, Haixia Cui, Yejun He, Mohsen Guizani. Dynamic Satellite Edge Computing Offloading Algorithm Based on Distributed Deep Learning |
| 27803 | -- | 27815 | Penghong Wang, Xingtao Wang, Wenrui Li, Xiaopeng Fan, Debin Zhao. DV-Hop Localization Based on Distance Estimation Using Multinode and Hop Loss in IoT |
| 27816 | -- | 27827 | Zhonghao Chang, An-Jun Zhang, Huan Wang 0015, Jiajia Xu, Te Han. Photovoltaic Cell Anomaly Detection Enabled by Scale Distribution Alignment Learning and Multiscale Linear Attention Framework |
| 27828 | -- | 27839 | Yudong Cao, Qing Ni, Minping Jia, Xiaoli Zhao, Xiaoan Yan. Online Knowledge Distillation for Machine Health Prognosis Considering Edge Deployment |
| 27840 | -- | 27853 | Wenjing Sun, Yuan Zou, Xudong Zhang 0002, Ya-Wen, Yuanyuan Li, Jie Fan, Yihao Meng, Xiaoran Lu. Optimization Design Framework for In-Vehicle Time-Sensitive Networking Architecture |
| 27854 | -- | 27863 | Ouzhu Han, Tao Ding, Shunqi Wang, Yueyang Yang, Jun Gu, Yun Su. Sequence-Dependency-Concerned Process Migration Design of Multilevel Data Centers Under District Power Supply Failure |
| 27864 | -- | 27875 | Hongyan Wang, Qibo Sun, Qing Li 0028, Xiao Ma 0009, Shangguang Wang. Online Request Replication for Obtaining Fresh Information Under Pull Model |